Port numbers are assigned to each services that run over transport protocols such as TCP and UDP ranging from 0 to 65535.
Port numbers are divided into three ranges:
0-1023: System Ports – assigned by IETF process, well-known port numbers
1024-49151: User Ports – are assigned by IANA, registered ports
49152-65535: Dynamic/Private Ports – not assigned, can be used by anyone
Port numbers 0 to 1023 are reserved for privelege and other prominent services.
Common port numbers include:
List of TCP port numbers
21: File Transfer Protocol [FTP]
22: Secure Shell [SSH]
23: Telnet remote login service
25: Simple Mail Transfer Protocol [SMTP]
80: Hypertext Transfer Protocol [HTTP]
110: Post Office Protocol [POP]
119: Network News Transfer Protocol [NNTP]
143: Internet Message Access Protocol [IMAP]
156: SQL Server
179: Border Gateway Protocol [BGP]
443: HTTP Secure [HTTPS]
List of UDP port numbers
53: Domain Name System [DNS]
67: Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol - Client [DHCP]
68: Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol - Server [DHCP]
69: Trivial File Transfer Protocol [TFTP]
161: Simple Network Management Protocol [SNMP]